World of Chance

Solar Lottery (1955) is Philip K. Dick's first published novel, and it announces several of the preoccupations that would define his work over the following three decades. The novel is set in the twenty-third century, in a nine-planet federation whose political structure is built entirely around chance. The ruling position, the Quizmaster, is selected by a computerized lottery. The same system randomly designates an assassin whose sole sanctioned purpose is to kill the sitting Quizmaster in a ritualized attempt that is televised and publicly consumed as entertainment. The system is presented as democracy stripped to its purest mechanism with random selection replacing any pretense of merit, consent, or representation. It pacifies the population by making everyone theoretically eligible for everything while ensuring that nothing is predictable.

The novel follows Ted Benteley, a newly freed technician who attaches himself to the current Quizmaster's household just as the lottery selects a new assassin. Dick layers in a secondary plot involving a cult devoted to the belief that a tenth planet exists beyond the solar system, whose members are building a ship to find it. This strain of the novel is less politically sharp than the lottery mechanism but introduces Dick's recurring interest in faith, obsessive belief, and the human need to locate meaning outside the available structures of the world.

The British edition, published by Rich & Cowan in 1956 under the title World of Chance, is a substantially different text. Both publishers requested revisions, and Dick produced distinct versions for each, resulting in two early variants that diverge in ways that have interested bibliographers and Dick scholars since. The American text and the British text are not simply the same novel with a different cover.

The novel's significance is primarily historical as it is where Dick started, and many of the ideas he would develop more fully in The Simulacra, The Man in the High Castle, and Ubik appear here in earlier, less resolved form. First published as an Ace Double paired with The Big Jump by Leigh Brackett.